In a recent conversation with NHS Media, Dean and Professor at Air University Islamabad, Dr. Adil Sultan shared his valuable insights on the space programs of both India and Pakistan. The discussion covered a wide range of topics, from the historical context of Pakistan’s space program to the challenges of militarization and the potential economic benefits of space exploration.
Key Points:
- Pakistan initiated space exploration early but had to halt due to security concerns.
- National security priorities in Pakistan shifted focus away from space exploration.
- Pakistan should distinguish between using space for military purposes and deploying weapons in space.
- Strong national commitment is essential for Pakistan’s success in space endeavours.
- Pakistan recognizes significant economic opportunities in space through engagement with the private sector.
Dr. Sultan began by highlighting Pakistan’s early foray into space exploration, dating back to 1961. Pakistan was among the pioneers in this field, displaying significant promise in its initial stages. However, the nation’s focus shifted due to security concerns, primarily stemming from India’s nuclear weapon acquisition. This led to a redirection of resources and priorities toward Pakistan’s nuclear program, causing a decline in its space program.
Meanwhile, India pursued a dual-purpose strategy, progressing steadily in its space endeavours under the guidance of dedicated scientists and professionals. Dr. Sultan emphasized the role of India’s scientific community in driving its success in space exploration.
When discussing the militarization and weaponization of space, Dr. Sultan made a clear distinction between the two. Militarization involves using space-based assets for military purposes, which has been ongoing for some time. However, weaponization, the deployment of actual space-based weapons, has not yet occurred on a significant scale, primarily due to international reservations and agreements.
Dr. Sultan noted that concerns have arisen in recent years, especially after China’s introduction of anti-satellite weapons in 2007. With advancements in science and technology, the possibilities for disrupting or damaging satellites have expanded, raising further concerns. Despite the international understanding that space should remain a peaceful domain, powerful nations may still seek to assert their supremacy in space.
Dr. Sultan stressed the importance of national vision and commitment when it comes to space exploration. He suggested that with the right motivation and strong determination at the national level, any goal can be achieved. In the contemporary world, success in space exploration requires a focused and proactive approach.
Regarding international collaboration in space programs, Dr. Sultan acknowledged the historical cooperation between nations, including Pakistan’s early learning from the United States. However, as military aspects became intertwined with space endeavours, politics and discrimination based on alliances came into play, complicating international cooperation. Differentiating between missile technology for space and nuclear purposes became a challenge, further restricting collaboration.
He pointed out that India currently enjoys certain advantages in space, with more than 28 satellites, including military ones, compared to Pakistan’s two, which were launched with Chinese assistance. This technological disparity places Pakistan at a disadvantage.
Dr. Sultan emphasized that space is an evolving domain with vast economic potential. He cited estimates predicting a space-based economy worth one trillion dollars by 2040. Pakistan, by actively participating in this field and engaging the private sector, could potentially earn billions. India’s success in launching numerous commercial satellites has made it an attractive destination for commercial users and has boosted its global prestige.
Overall, Dr. Adil Sultan’s insights shed light on the challenges and opportunities in space exploration for Pakistan. To succeed in this rapidly evolving field, Pakistan must shift its focus from a primarily military-centric approach to a more commercially oriented strategy. Organizational changes, expert recruitment, and economic prosperity are key factors in realizing the full potential of Pakistan’s space program and achieving success in the space industry.